1. What is 3-Phase Current?

The 3-phase current is the current flowing in each phase of a three-phase electrical system. It's calculated based on the total power, line voltage, and power factor of the system.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the 3-phase current formula:

Where:

• \( I \) — Phase current (Amperes)
• \( P \) — Total power (Watts)
• \( V \) — Line voltage (Volts)
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, 0-1)

Explanation: The formula accounts for the balanced three-phase system where power is equally distributed across all three phases.

3. Importance of Phase Current Calculation

Details: Accurate current calculation is crucial for sizing circuit breakers, wires, and other electrical components in three-phase systems to ensure safety and proper operation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter power in watts, voltage in volts, and power factor (typically between 0.8-1.0). All values must be positive (power > 0, voltage > 0, 0 < PF ≤ 1).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between line and phase current?
A: In a balanced 3-phase system, line current equals phase current in a star (Y) connection, while in delta (Δ) connection, line current is √3 times phase current.

Q2: What is power factor?
A: Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power (0 to 1). A PF of 1 means all power is real (resistive load), while lower PF indicates reactive components.

Q3: When should I use this calculation?
A: Use for balanced three-phase AC systems to determine current per phase for equipment sizing and protection.

Q4: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: This assumes a balanced three-phase system. For unbalanced loads, each phase must be calculated separately.

Q5: What's the √3 factor?
A: The √3 (approximately 1.732) accounts for the 120° phase difference between the three phases in a balanced system.